Mpox is a viral infection caused by the Mpox virus. It belongs to the family of viruses known as paramyxoviruses, which also includes viruses that cause measles and mumps. Mpox primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to symptoms such as fever, cough, runny nose, and sore throat. The virus can also cause a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. While most cases of Mpox are mild, severe complications can occur, especially in vulnerable populations such as infants, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Understanding the symptoms of Mpox is essential for early detection and prompt medical intervention.
The symptoms of Mpox usually appear within 12 to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Initially, individuals may experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and muscle aches. This is followed by the characteristic rash and respiratory symptoms, including a cough, runny nose, and sore throat. The rash typically begins on the face and then spreads to the trunk and extremities. It presents as small, red spots that may be itchy. In some cases, Mpox can also cause inflammation of the conjunctiva, leading to redness and irritation of the eyes. It is important to note that Mpox is highly contagious, and individuals with symptoms should seek medical attention and follow appropriate precautions to prevent further transmission.
While most cases of Mpox resolve on their own without complications, certain individuals are at a higher risk of developing severe complications. Infants, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and secondary bacterial infections. Pneumonia is the most common complication of Mpox and can be life-threatening, especially in vulnerable populations. It is crucial to monitor individuals with Mpox closely, particularly those at a higher risk, and seek medical care if any complications arise.
The risk of complications can be minimized through early diagnosis, proper management of symptoms, and supportive care. It is essential to maintain good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing, covering the mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing, and staying away from individuals who are infected. Vaccination also plays a significant role in preventing Mpox and reducing the severity of the disease in those who do contract it. We will explore the importance of vaccination in detail later in this guide.
Mpox is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus can also spread by direct contact with infected respiratory secretions or by touching surfaces or objects contaminated with the virus. Individuals infected with Mpox are most contagious from a few days before the rash appears until a few days after the rash has fully developed. This makes Mpox a particularly challenging virus to control, as infected individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus to others during the early stages of the disease. Therefore, it is crucial to practice good hygiene measures and take appropriate precautions to prevent the spread of Mpox.
JYNNEOS is administered as a two-dose vaccine via injection. Following the initial 2 doses, no additional booster shots are recommended.
For subcutaneous injection, the vaccine is administered beneath the skin in the upper arm. This method is suitable for individuals under the age of 18 and those of any age with keloid scars, as well as for patients who prefer subcutaneous injections. Keloid scars are raised and thickened scars that can develop after skin injuries like cuts, piercings, or surgeries.
Intradermal injection involves administering the vaccine between the layers of the skin. This approach is typically used for individuals aged 18 and above. Those opting for this injection method can choose from three locations: the forearm (between the wrist and elbow on the inside of the arm), the upper back just below the shoulder blade, or the deltoid (shoulder muscle).
The following populations are considered to be at risk for mpox and are strongly encouraged to receive vaccination for protection against mpox infection and its severe consequences:
Immunize LA is proud to offer the JYNNEOS vaccine to all of our patients. If you or a family member needs protection from mpox, please schedule an appointment with us today.
In the event of an Mpox outbreak, swift and effective management strategies are crucial to contain the spread of the virus and protect the population. Outbreak management typically involves a combination of the following measures:
